stafford



W. K. STAFFORD.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6. I916;

Reissued Dec.7,1920. 15,000.

'2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Fauna 1,430;

- W. K. STAFFORD.

HEATER. I APPL!CATION FILED MAR. 5,1916- lieissued De0.7,1920. Y 15,000

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

sro'va COMPANY, or s'r LOUIS,

Original No. I 884,300, dated To all whom it concern.

Be it known that I, WALTER K. STAFFORD,

I a citizen' of the United States, residing at I Improvement in Heaters, of which the fol-' lowing description, in'connection v'vith- -the accompanying drawings, is a representing like Newton, in the county of lvliddlleseir and State of Massachusetts, have invented an specification, like letters on the drawings parts. I

This invention relates to heaters in which gas, oil or electricityis employed as the heat-- jgenerating element, and it has for 1ts object to provide a heater of this class which is more economical in the use of fuel than heaters as ordinarily constructed.

In an ordinary gas range, for instance, the

burner is usually placed beneath the oven and the lower oven or chamber in which the burner is contained-is open at its lower end to the air so that necessary air can pass into said chamber to support combustion.

pass into the upper oven where the baking is done, and from said oven they escape through a su-itable'outlet opening. The inlet and outlet openingsaare always open, and

the result is that whenever the burner is shut oil the hot air within the oven rises and escapes through the outletopening, and itsplace is taken by cool air which is admitted to the inlet'op'ening. This current of air passing through the oven very soon cools it and it is necessary, therefore, tokeep more or less of a flame going'allthe time that the oven is to be kept hot.

A gas-range with-my present improvements applied thereto has means for closing oven are partially baked the burner either-the inlet "or the outlet openings or both whenever the burner is shut off, thus preventing With my improvements applied to a gasrange the oven may be heated sufficiently. for baking purposes, and after the articles in the shut off, and either the inlet opening, orthe outlet opening, or both openings closed thereby retaining within theoven the heated air therein. Since this heated air cannot escape the oven will retain its baking tem-' perature sufliciently long to finish the: bak- I MISSOURI, A coaron'ar-ion on NEW JERSEY.

HEATER. i

I Specification of Reissued Letters Patent. Rei ed De The hot products of combustion and heated'aircient heat to maintain the heated air therein from escaping. i

may be inglwithout the useof any further gas. A

materialsa'vinig in the amount of gas used is thus e'flecte I have referred to a gas stove above merely to illustrate the is not limited-in its use'to gas ranges, as it may be embodied'in any furnace or heater phere gas, oil orelectricity is used as the Where-the invention is embodied in a water-heater the heating-coils areplaced in a heat ng-chamber which is heated by the burner, and said chamber will beprovided with inlet and outlet openings which are normally open While the burner is in operation, fresh air being admitted to theinlet When the water sired temperature for a of time without the use lhe above described invention are sufficient ciple of operation, by any means to although it is not limited gas-ranges or water heaters,

., but is adapted for use in connection with any 'heater.

Inthe drawings, F lgure l is a vertical section through a water-heater embodying my invention.

gas-range em Figs. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate a bodying my invention, Fig. 2 beinga vertical section through such a gas-range; Fig.

WALTE K. 'srarroan, 0F NEWTON, massacnusnrrs," AssIGivoR. -TO

. 7.11920. April 7, 1908, Serial No. 235,439, filed December 5, 1904 Application for reissue filed Mai-e51 6, 1916. Serial No. 82,505. i

I I principle on which my inventlon operates. The invention, however,

opening after having to illustrate its prin- I 3 being a'section on the line,aa'w, Fig. 2;

and Fig. 4 a section on the line y-y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the burner used in the water-heater. I 4

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view on a-reduced scale on line a -a, Fig. 1..

Referring first to the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and f1, 3

designates a gas-range of any suitablelo'r usual construction, said range having the usual upper oven which-the baking is done and the lower oven 5 in which the 3 burners 6 are located. Said burners are controlled by the usual valves 7 The bottom of the lower oven is provided with a; suitable inlet opening 8 through which air enters to support combustion when the burners are in operation, and the upper .oven is provided with an outlet opening or openings 9 through which the heated prod nets of combustion and air escape all as usual in as-ranges. In applying my improvements to this type of gasrange I provide a valve or valves 10 for closing the inlet opening oropenings,

and other-valves 11 for closing the outlet openings, and preferably said valves will be connected to the burner valve 7 for simultaneous operation therewith, whereby when the gas is turned on to the burner the inlet" and outlet openings are opened, while when the gas is turned off said openings are both wouldnot-bedeparted from, however,--if a.

single valve controlled all the outlet open- 111 n the embodiment of the invention hereinillustrated each valve 10 is connected by a suitable link .12 with an arm '13 on a vertical rock-shaft 14, and said rock-shaft is con nected by suitable mechanism, saya sprocket and'chaln gearing, with the correspondingvalve 7 so that the turning of the valveto open or close it rocks the shaft 14 and thereby gives movement to thevalve 10. I have also illustrated two valves 11 for. controlling the outlet opening, and each valve is connected to the corresponding rock-shaft 14. F or thispurpose each rock-shaft '14 has an arm 15 thereon which is connected'by a link; 1.6 with a lever 17, which, in -turn,.jis con nected to the valve 11.

ie in be readily. seen that wanna con struction just described the turning of either valve 7 to open position will open the corresponding valves. 10 and 11, while the -t11rn-- ing of the valve 7 to closedposition will close the corresponding valves 10 and 11;

The result is that whenever the gas is turned i on to the 'burnersof the gas range the inlet and outlet openings are opened, while when he closingof the openings-prevents the.

current of air'from passing through the oven and'thusrapidly cooling it, -and-the result. is that after any articles in the oven are par tially baked the gas may be completely shut off from theburners and the'bakmg finished.

by the heat which is retamed 1n the oven, thus making amaterial saving in the amount of gas used. When two burner valves 7 are used I prefer to make the valves 10 and '11 in sections, as shown so that only a portion of the inlet and outlet openings are opened when one burner valve'only is open. In this way the amount ofair admit-ted tothe burners-may be regulated according to 'mitted to the chamber, and an outlet opening 22 through which the heated air and prodncts of combustion escape.

' I have shown the heating coils within the chamber as arranged in three series, but this arrangement is not essential tothe invention, as any arrangement of coils may be adopted. The three series of coils are designated by 23, 24, 25, respectively, the coils 25 being inclosed .within the coils 23 and'24,-'and the coils 23 surrounding the other two series of coils. All the. coils-are connected at one end to an inlet'pipe-26 and at the other end to an outlet pipe 27.

so Said chamber has an inlet Where this device is to be used 'in connection with a house heat water to the radiators and the return from the radiators will be taken to the inlet-pipe 26. The burner for heating the chamber may be of any suitable or usual type, and

ing system the pipe "27 will lead the heated is designated by 27.. This burner is supplied with gas or other suitable fuel 'tlirou gh a suitable gas pipe-'28, which pipe is profer to connect. the valves together for simultrat'et'l as" so connected. by means of asuit able valvestenior connecting rod 33 which extends up through the heating chamber The two valves 31. and 32 are also preferably- 'taneous. operation, they being herein i-llus connected to the valve 29 'sothat all three valves work. simultaneously. This 'conneclever 34-which is-pivoted' on any suitable and which is pivotally' connected both to I the valve stem 360i the 'gas'valve 29 and the lthergns is turned ofi' said openings are closed.

valve st'em VVhen these valves are in the position shown in Fig. 1 the s valve 29 tion may be made by means of a suitable-J 12.0 fixed support, as an arm 35' of the valve 29,

is open and gas is admitted to t e burner 27 and the inlet and outlet valves also open so that aircan be'admitted to the chamber to I support combustion and the-heated air and products of combustion may escape fron 'the" vided with .a valve 29 for admitting gas to.

chamber. The closingof the gasvalve'29 closes both the inlet and outlet valves thereby sealing up the heating chamber and preventing the heated air therein from escaping. v

In the operation of the device after the water in the coils has been sufficiently heated the valves are all closed, and the heat which is retained in said chamber is. sufficient to keep the water inthe coils at approximately the desiredtemperature fora considerable length of 'timeg The valves may be Operated either by hand or automatically.

Where the device is used inconnection with a hot-water heating system, as shown in Fig. 1, it is feasible to 'use'some suitable automatic means for controlling the valve,

such as. a thermostat or clock mechanism.'

I have illustrated a thermostat in the drawings.

Any suitable or usual thermostat may be employed for this purpose, that herein illustrated being the one known to the trade as the Minneapolis thermostat. Thisthermostat comprises a spring-motor 40 having oppositely disposed cranks 41 which, are connected by means bf suitable flexible connections 42, to one end of the lever 34. The motor is arranged so that at each operation it makes a half revolution, the first half revolution resulting in moving the lever 34 in one direction, and the second half reve lution resulting in moving it in the opposite direction.

The motor is controlled by meansv of .any suitable thermostat, which, in this embodiment of my invention, is preferably a submerged thermostat, that is, a thermostat contained within a heater or chamber 44 in the outlet pipe 27. Said thermostat is illustrated diagrammatically by dotted linesv 45 and is arranged to engage either of the contacts 46. or 47 according to the temperature of the water in the chamber.

These contacts are connected by wires 48 and'49 with the releasemeclianism of the motor, and the thermostat 45 is connected with the motor by another wire 50 which has ,a suitable battery or generator 51 therein.

The thermostat is so arranged that when .the water .reaches the desired temperature the said thermostat engagesthe contact 47 and this completes thecircuit and sets the motor in operation. The cranks of the motor will then make a half rotation from the.

position shown in Fig. 1, with I the result that the lever 34' is moved and the gas valve and. inlet and outlet valves are'closed, the

burner then goes outand the heatretained in the heatingcham'ber maintains the water in the coils at the desired'temperature for a considerable length of time. When the water cools the thermostat engages the contact 46 thus completing the circuit through the "wire 49 and releasing the motor so that it Will'returnto the position shown in Fig. 1, thereby, opening all the valves. For lighting the burner 27 again when the valves are open I prefer to have a pilot burner 52 which will be in operation all the time and is capable of being moved into and out ofan aperture 53 in the side of the heating chamber, I

The valve stem 33 is preferably counterweighted by a suitable counterweight 57. In order to retain the heat in the heating chamber somewhat longer when the inlet and outlet valves are both open I have shown a hood 60 which sets over the upper end of the chamber and occupies an annular space 61 in the top of the walls of the chamher. The roof of the heating chamber is provided with an opening 62Lthrough which the heated products of combustion pass into the space beneath the hood, and the hood deflects said products of combustion downward into the space 61 where they pass around thebottom of the hood. From the space between the hood and the outer casing 63 the products of combustio the outlet opening 22.

,90 pass through It is not essential to my invention that I valves be provided for closing both the inlet and outlet openings, for it will be obvious that by closing eitherone of said openings only the heated air will be retained in .the chamber much longer than if both opening chamber and inlet and outlet openings,

means to heat said chamber. and means to close either one of said openlngs or both of them when said means is not in operation.

' Having thus described my invention what Iclaim and desire toIsecureby Letters Patent is: a

1. A gas cooking oven having means for retaining the :heat therein when the burner is extinguished, comprising a cooking oven having a door, an inlet opening and an outlet opening in its wall forming an air passage therethrough, a valve for opening and closing said passage,a burner for said chamher, a fuel supply for said burner, a fuel valve controlling the fuel supply to said burner, and an operative connection between thefuel valve and the-air-passage valve so arranged that the opening and closing of the fuel valve will correspondingly open and close the passage valve, whereby the openingtof the fuel valve automaticallv opens thesaid passage and the closing of the fuel- .v'a'lve automatically closes the said passage and thereby retains the accumulated heat in the closed oven for continuing the cooking therein after the burner is extinguished.v

2. A gas cooking oven having means for positively retaining the heat therein when the burner is extinguished, comprising a cooking oven having a door, the oven wall having air inlet and outlet'openings inde pendent of saiddoor or its opening, a burner within the oven, the inlet opening located below the burner and the outlet opening at the top of the oven above the burner, a fuel supply for said burner, a fuel valve controlling the fuel supply to said burner, and operative connection between the fuel valve and the air -passage valve independent ofthe oven door and so arranged that the opening and closing of the fuel valve correspondingly opens and closes the passage Valve, whereby the opening of the fuel valve tinguished.

automatically opens the said passage and the closing of the fuel valve automatically closes the said passage and thereby retains the accumulated heat in the oven'for' continuing the cooking therein after the burner is ex- -3. A heating chamber having an inlet opening for the admission of airand anout-v let opening for the exit of the'products of combustion, a valve for each-0f said open -ing s, a burner for heating said chamber, a

valve for controlling the-fuel-supply to said burner, means for operatively connecting said fuel supplyvalve and the valves con trolling the aforesaid inletand voutlet open- .ings whereby, when the fuelsupply valve .is closed or opened all valves connected therewith are simultaneously and automatically closed or opened, allowing the heating chamber to be-complete1yc1osed automaticallyby' the closing of the fuel supply valve.

' 4. heating' 'chambe rhaving-Van. i'nlet opening for the admission of air and an outlet openingfor the exit of the products of combustion, a valve for each of said openingsfa burner for heating said chamber, a valve for controlling the fuel supply, of said burner, means for operatively connecting said fuel supply valve and the valves controlling the aforesaid inlet and outlet openingswhereby when the fuel valve is closed 5. A gas cooking oven having means for retainingthe heat therein when the burner is extinguished, comprising a cooking oven having, a door for ingress and egress of food to, be cooked, a burner for the oven, a fuel supply for the burner, a fuel valve "controlling the fuel supply, the wall of the 'oven having air inlet and outlet openings forming an air passage through the oven, a valve'for the passage, and an operative connection between the fuel valve and the said air passage valve independent of said .oven door, the-connection so arranged that the air and fuel valves are opened and- .closed' together, whereby the accumulated heat will beretained in the oven to continue the cooking after the burner is extinguished by the closing of the fuel. valve, and the operation of the burner undisturbed by the ,opening and closingof the 'oven door,

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name .to this. specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- WALTER K. STAFFORD.

- Witnesses:

LOUIS C. SMITH, BERTHA F. HEUSER. 

